多囊卵巢症候群

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病史：女，31岁，排卵期不规律。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

相片表现：外阴核磁共振和MRI T2WI显示卵巢增高，四周囊蒸大于12亚厘米。四周卵巢动物细胞在核磁共振上强；也，MRI上低波形。已为战术上内膜。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

诊断：多囊卵巢综合症

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

讨论：多囊卵巢综合症也叫S-L综合症。是女开放性不孕的最常见情况。主要是由于功能障碍紊乱所致一直无排卵和雄激素分泌过盛。PCOS典型原于平：高血压、闭经和多毛症。但为数不多至少患者表现为此原于症。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需要改用相片检查进一步借助格外多讯息。典型的核磁共振/MRI平象包括：卵巢增高、变圆，锥体多发特罗斯季亚涅齐蒸，卵巢动物细胞US上强；也，T2WI低波形。PCOS患者建议一直随访，因一直激素水平过高，可能会全身性乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上主题节选自腹部相片发病汇）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊卵巢综合症

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 排卵期

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 锥体的

4. follicles n. 特罗斯季亚涅齐

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 强；也的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 生孩子

7. endocrinologic 功能障碍的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停止排卵

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 雄激素过多症

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 多毛症

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 卵巢

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 动物细胞

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 产生；也（开放性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 激素

原标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊卵巢综合症